Visible and Invisible

The difference could be expressed, then, in terms of non-bodily and bodily resurrection or a variety of similar contrasts: internal-external, invisible-visible, secret-open. For reasons to be noted below, the distinction "spiritual (= Holy Spirit)-physical (=bodily)" is definitely not acceptable. Perhaps best is a contrast suggested by Paul himself, namely, the contrast between "the inner man" (ò eow avvрwños) and "the outer man" (ò éсw άνvρшπos), which occurs explicitly in II Corinthians 4:16. There the outer man is said to be decaying, while the inner man (cf. Rom. 7:22; Eph. 3:16) is being renewed daily. In the context, the decaying outer man corresponds to Paul's mortal flesh (v. 11) or, in view of the parallelism with verse 10, his body (cf. Rom. 6:12; 8:11). Similarly, the renewing of the inner man corresponds to the manifesting of the (resurrection) life of Jesus in Paul (vv. 10, 11). In effect, then, Paul is saying: the resurrection of the inner man is past; the resurrection of the outer man is still future (cf. v. 14). This should not be understood, however, in the sense of an anthropological dualism. Rather the dual aspect of the whole man is in view. Considered from the inward, hidden side of the believer, resurrection has taken place; from his outward, exposed side (including mental as well as physical faculties) resurrection is still outstanding. We can perhaps speak of the resurrection of the believer in the integral unity of his person as unfolding in two installments-one invisible, one visible.

 

Richard Gaffin, Resurrection and Redemption: A Study in Paul's Soteriology, pg. 61